Tanti Technology
- sandeep tanti
- Bangalore, karnataka, India
- Multi-platform UNIX systems consultant and administrator in mutualized and virtualized environments I have 4.5+ years experience in AIX system Administration field. This site will be helpful for system administrator in their day to day activities.Your comments on posts are welcome.This blog is all about IBM AIX Unix flavour. This blog will be used by System admins who will be using AIX in their work life. It can also be used for those newbies who want to get certifications in AIX Administration. This blog will be updated frequently to help the system admins and other new learners. DISCLAIMER: Please note that blog owner takes no responsibility of any kind for any type of data loss or damage by trying any of the command/method mentioned in this blog. You may use the commands/method/scripts on your own responsibility. If you find something useful, a comment would be appreciated to let other viewers also know that the solution/method work(ed) for you.
Tuesday 21 July 2020
IBM - AIX
Question-1 :-
How do I boot AIX to Single-User Mode in order to perform maintenance?
Answer -
In AIX we don't tend to use single-user mode very much, because many problems require having the rootvg filesystems unmounted for repairs. However, there are some instances when it's beneficial to use single-user:
The system boot hangs due to TCP/IP or NFS configuration issues
Do do work on non-root volume groups
To debug problems with entries in /etc/inittab
To work on the system without users attempting to log in
To work without applications starting up
It is easy to unmount /tmp and /var if they need to be checked with fsck or recreated
If the system boots fine from the rootvg, then booting into single-user to repair or perform work has advantages:
It boots quicker than Maintenance Mode.
You can boot off the normal system rootvg without finding AIX Install media or setting up a NIM SPOT.
It allows you to run all commands you would normally have access to in multiuser.
Unlike maintenance mode, there is no possibility that hdisks will be renamed.
PROCEDURE:
Standalone System (no HMC):
1. Boot system with no media in the CD/DVD drive
2. Wait until you see the options of choosing another boot list, and hear beeps on the console
3. Press 6 to start diagnostics
System using an HMC:
1. Select the LPAR in the HMC GUI
2. Select Operations -> Activate
3. In the Activate window, click the button that says "Advanced"
4. Change "Boot mode" to "Diagnostic with stored boot list"
5. Click "OK" to save that change, then "OK" again to activate.
After either of these you'll see this screen:
IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM
IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM IBM
1 = SMS Menu 5 = Default Boot List
8 = Open Firmware Prompt 6 = Stored Boot List
Memory Keyboard Network SCSI Speaker
You will see the normal AIX boot header, since you are booting from your system hard disk:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Welcome to AIX.
boot image timestamp: 08:55 07/25
The current time and date: 10:01:01 07/25/2009
number of processors: 1 size of memory: 512MB
boot device: /vdevice/v-scsi@30000003/disk@8700000000000000
kernel size: 15004862; 64 bit kernel
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIAGNOSTIC OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
At this point the dianostic license information comes up. At the end it says:
Several keys are used to control the diagnostics:
- The Enter key continues the procedure or performs an action.
- The Backspace key allows keying errors to be corrected.
- The cursor keys are used to select an option.
To continue, press Enter.
The next screen will show you Diagnostic Functions you can perform.
On newer versions of firmware you will see Option 5 to start Single User Mode.
On older firmware you will have to go to:
3. Task selection
and scroll way down and select 'Start Shell' or 'Single User Mode'
FUNCTION SELECTION
1. Diagnostic Routines
This selection will test the machine hardware. Wrap plugs and
other advanced functions will not be used.
2. Advanced Diagnostic Routines
This selection will test the machine hardware. Wrap plugs and
other advanced functions will be used.
3. Task Selection(Diagnostics, Advanced Diagnostics, Service Aids, etc.)
This selection will list the tasks supported by these procedures.
Once a task is selected, a resource menu may be presented showing
all resources supported by the task.
4. Resource Selection
This selection will list the resources in the system that are supported
by the diagnostic programs. Once a resource is selected, a task menu will
be presented showing all tasks that can be run on the resource(s).
5. Single User Mode
The system will enter single-user mode for software maintenance.
To make a selection, type the number and press Enter [1]: 5
The system will now continue the boot process. Please wait...
Saving Base Customize Data to boot disk
Starting the sync daemon
Starting the error daemon
System initialization completed.
INIT: SINGLE-USER MODE
Password:
Give the root password at the "Password" prompt.
After getting logged in you will see a minimal rootvg mounted:
# df
Filesystem 512-blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 131072 70696 47% 2127 21% /
/dev/hd2 2129920 102104 96% 33435 71% /usr
/dev/hd9var 196608 136080 31% 431 3% /var
/dev/hd3 98304 74904 24% 148 2% /tmp
And not very many processes running:
# ps -ef
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 09:49:40 - 0:00 /etc/init s
root 151630 1 0 09:49:51 vty0 0:00 -ksh
root 168040 1 0 09:49:48 - 0:00 /usr/sbin/syncd 60
root 172160 151630 2 09:51:58 vty0 0:00 ps -ef
root 176222 1 0 09:49:51 - 0:00 /usr/lib/errdemon
RUNNING 64-BIT COMMANDS
Some commands such as fsck may give you an error that 64-bit applications have not been enabled.
This is because this is enabled from inittab:
# grep 64 /etc/inittab
load64bit:2:wait:/etc/methods/cfg64 >/dev/console 2>&1 # Enable 64-bit execs
so run it by hand:
# /etc/methods/cfg64
EXITING SINGLE-USER MODE
To exit single-user mode and boot into multiuser in RunLevel 2 use:
# telinit 2
INIT: New run level: 2
Setting tunable parameters...complete
Starting Multi-user Initialization
Performing auto-varyon of Volume Groups
Activating all paging spaces
swapon: Paging device /dev/paging00 is already active.
swapon: Paging device /dev/hd6 activated.
The current volume is: /dev/hd10opt
Primary superblock is valid.
Performing all automatic mounts
mount: /dev/hd4 on /: Device busy
Multi-user initialization completed
Checking for srcmstr active...complete
Starting tcpip daemons:
0513-059 The syslogd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 139390.
Jul 25 09:53:21 puma syslog:err|error syslogd: /tmp/syslog.debug: errno = 2
0513-059 The sendmail Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 217218.
0513-059 The portmap Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 94364.
0513-059 The inetd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 233600.
0513-059 The xntpd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 254104.
0513-059 The snmpd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 241836.
0513-059 The hostmibd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 237710.
0513-059 The snmpmibd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 180328.
0513-059 The aixmibd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 262282.
Finished starting tcpip daemons.
0513-059 The muxatmd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 127156.
Starting NFS services:
0513-059 The biod Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 229540.
0513-059 The rpc.statd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 286868.
0513-059 The rpc.lockd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 299180.
Completed NFS services.
0513-059 The ctrmc Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 290968.
Unauthorized use of this system is prohibited.
login:
##################################################################################
Question-2 :-
How to connect to the Virtual terminal of a partition ?
- Connecting to the Virtual Terminal(remote console) of a partition -
mkvterm -m -p
mkvterm -m
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Question-3 :-
Question-3 :-
How to remove the active virtual terminal (remote console was already opened by another user) of a partition?
Answer -
- Removing the active virtual Terminal(remote console) of a partition when another sesstion is active -
rmvterm -m -p
rmvterm -m
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Question-4 :-
What is the command to check the HACMP cluster is stable or not ?
Answer -
#lssrc -ls clstrmgrES
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